Researchers: Juan Salazar, Pablo Durán, María P Díaz, Maricarmen Chacín, Raquel Santeliz, Edgardo Mengual, Emma Gutiérrez, Xavier León, Andrea Díaz, Marycarlota Bernal, Daniel Escalona, Luis Alberto Parra Hernández, Valmore Bermúdez
The gut microbiota (GM) has been the subject of intense research in recent years. Therefore, numerous factors affecting its composition have been thoroughly examined, and with them, their function and role in the individual’s systems. The gut microbiota’s taxonomical composition dramatically impacts older adults’ health status. In this regard, it could either extend their life expectancy via the modulation of metabolic processes and the immune system or, in the case of dysbiosis, predispose them to age-related diseases, including bowel inflammatory and musculoskeletal diseases and metabolic and neurological disorders. In general, the microbiome of the elderly tends to present taxonomic and functional changes, which can function as a target to modulate the microbiota and improve the health of this population. The GM of centenarians is unique, with the faculty-promoting metabolic pathways capable of preventing and counteracting the different processes associated with age-related diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which the microbiota can exhibit anti-ageing properties are mainly based on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. This review focuses on analysing the current knowledge of gut microbiota characteristics and modifiers, its relationship with ageing, and the GM-modulating approaches to increase life expectancy.
References
- Microbiota and Lifestyle: A Special Focus on Diet.
- Gut microbiome and aging: Physiological and mechanistic insights.
- The Gut Microbiome, Aging, and Longevity: A Systematic Review.
- Mediterranean diet and the hallmarks of ageing.
- The Evolution of the Hallmarks of Aging.
- Epigenetic changes during aging and their reprogramming potential.
- Interventions on Gut Microbiota for Healthy Aging.
- Gut Microbiota, Muscle Mass and Function in Aging: A Focus on Physical Frailty and Sarcopenia.
- Understanding the gut microbiota and sarcopenia: a systematic review.
- Gut microbiota as an antioxidant system in centenarians associated with high antioxidant activities of gut-resident Lactobacillus.
- The Effect of Probiotics on Health Outcomes in the Elderly: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Studies.
- Aging of the Immune System: Focus on Natural Killer Cells Phenotype and Functions.